List of recurring The Simpsons characters. The Simpsons includes a large array of supporting characters: co- workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals. The writers originally intended many of these characters as one- time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town. Plan your trip! Order online! Pick up groceries or have them delivered with Curbside Express. Cool and weird FUN facts about our everyday lives that everyone should know. Check out this collection of 150 interesting, funny and unbelievable facts! A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes. According to the creator of The Simpsons, Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show Second City Television. However, as episodes progressed, the character turned bitter. She hates Edna Krabappel due to her son's feelings for the other woman. Before that, the character was known as . In the beginning of the series, the writers made several references to Agnes and Seymour's unhealthily close relationship as similar to that of Norman Bates and his mother. When Seymour makes his first kick, he hits the bar, thus, making Agnes lose and subsequently crushing her dreams. Create custom t-shirts and personalized shirts at CafePress. Use our easy online designer to add your artwork, photos, or text. Design your own t- shirt today! STICKER SHOPPE An ultimate collection of stickers bumper stickers, custom stickers, magnets, pins, buttons, patches, key chains, license plates, wristbands and more. The best recipe for a Bob Marley alcoholic mixed drink, containing Green creme de menthe, Banana liqueur, Overproof/151 proof rum and Grenadine. Includes mixing. Find discount vitamins, supplements, health foods, beauty products & more! Vitacost.com is your place for health living & eating! She does not like to eat them, however. In the twenty sixth season episode . He first appeared in the second season in . Actor George Takei originally voiced Akira in . Since Akira's speaking role in . She first appeared in . During a school competition Lisa has Bart sabotage Allison's Tell- Tale Heart diorama with a cow's heart in a box and hides the original diorama beneath a floorboard. Wracked with guilt, Lisa returns Allison's real diorama. Lisa and Allison both lose to Ralph Wiggum and his Star Wars figurines. Afterwards, Lisa apologizes and the two make amends. Allison has had a few speaking roles after that and has been friends with Lisa, Janey, Sherri and Terri at the school and on the bus. Anastasia. She debuts in . She reappears in . Nahasapeemapetilons. Slur Represents Reason & Origins; Albo: Albanians: Self Explanatory: Redface: Albanians: Many Albanians seem to have a red face: Schiptar: Albanians: Derives from an. AOL Radio is powered by humans! Great radio is all about unexpected connections--the kind that an algorithm can't predict. Pick any station in any of the 30 genres. He dislikes pompous anchorman Kent Brockman, with whom he often gets into arguments on the air. Brockman once snarled that Pye was a . He sometimes attempts to join the action himself, such as his attempting to hit a fleeing Homer Simpson's car with a shoe in Children of a Lesser Clod. His appearance and name are inspired by Pulitzer winning journalist Ernie Pyle. Arthur Crandall and Gabbo. The show is a huge hit that ruins Krusty's career, but Bart then ruins Gabbo's future by capturing him making a rude comment on TV. The pair are later reduced to low- paying work such as a show at an Indian casino. The pair mainly appeared in season four's . He is voiced by Jon Lovitz, except for a brief appearance in . When Artie tries to grope her in his car, Marge rejects him and drives off, encountering Homer on her way home. In adulthood, Artie tries repeatedly to coerce Marge into choosing him over Homer, with Patty's encouragement as she saw him more as the ideal husband for her sister. In . Homer assumes the two are having an affair, but Artie admits that he could not win her over. Artie begins to acknowledge that his selfishness is to blame. Artie manages to scapegoat Homer but he eventually confesses his guilt to the authorities when Marge berates Artie for his poor character and she reveals that his own selfish behavior are the real reasons why no one likes him. After that, Artie is comforted by Selma; both spend the night together, and, as a result, and Artie turns himself in. He was last seen about to be assaulted by angry prisoners after he doused their cigarettes with a squirt bottle, and has not appeared in any canon episodes since. In . After he warns her not to marry Homer, Bart returns to 2. Marge has married Artie, with Bart now named Bartie Ziff, and having inherited Artie's curly hair. Marge leaves Artie after she instantly falls in love with a host of time- traveling Homers. She says seeing them made her realize she had married the wrong man. Baby Gerald. He makes his first appearance in . On a few occasions, Gerald has been shown being pushed in a stroller by his mother outside the Simpson house as in . He was also featured in the Simpsons theatrical short The Longest Daycare. The character's name was revealed in the episode . Baby Gerald appears in the show's current title sequence (as of 2. Benjamin, Doug and Gary. Gary carries a calculator on his belt and uses ear medicine, Doug is overweight and wears a pocket protector, and Benjamin wears horn- rimmed glasses. The writer of . Julius Hibbert's wife and is loosely based on the Clair Huxtable character from The Cosby Show. Nevertheless, her marriage is on the rocks. She fainted when she read that . Bill is middle- aged and balding, while Marty is younger and has a full head of hair. They are responsible for giving. Bart his elephant, Stampy, although they were surprised when Bart wanted Stampy, because they thought he would choose the other prize, $1. Burns monopolized the local media in . He was supposed to appear in more episodes but due to the death of Mc. Clure's voice actor Phil Hartman, he was retired along with Mc. Clure. He is a child who appears in Troy Mc. Clure's educational films. He appears in the films . He was voiced by Tress Mac. Neille. A similar child named Jimmy (who at one point Mc. Clure also calls Billy) appears in . Barlow (voiced by Harry Shearer in . He is a conservativetalk show host on the radio station KBBL, who in voice and appearance is modeled after Rush Limbaugh. He authored the book Only Turkeys Have Left Wings. Barlow plays an important part in the episode . Barlow, knowing Bob is a fellow Republican, sympathizes with his complaints, and influences the rest of Springfield to as well. This leads to Bob's prompt release and ensuing mayoralelection- rigging. Barlow appears in the episode . Most recently Barlow appears with other Springfield Republicans in the episode . His real first name has never been mentioned, though Murphy claimed his nickname came from the fact he had never once been to a dentist. His significant roles were in the episodes . He explains about his life, family, and work to her, as well as giving her advice for her upcoming school performance, giving her his saxophone. When Lisa returns, she finds out that Murphy has died from circumstances which are never revealed. No one, except for Lisa, attends Murphy's funeral. Lisa realizes that despite being gone physically, he still is alive in her. All I had was a little brother who grew up to become a doctor. He used to laugh at the most inappropriate times. He's a jazz musician or some such. Oh well, bye, bye. Originally, even after his death, Bart would skateboard past him on the street. Carl takes offense, saying that just because he is African American, he does not know every other African- American in Springfield, of whom there are very few, anyway. Carl then says that he met Drederick Tatum while he was at a party with Dr. Hibbert at Murphy's house. Likely mutated by toxic waste from the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant pouring into the river, Blinky became a major news story when he was caught by Bart Simpson. Burns defends the fish, arguing that his extra eye is merely the next step in evolution. Burns goes to the Simpsons' house for a meal to boost his race for governor. Marge, a supporter of Burns' opponent Mary Bailey, deliberately serves Blinky for dinner. Burns spits the fish out and subsequently loses the election. Blinky was briefly seen again in episodes . Blinky also made a brief appearance in an underwater section of the tube- way Fry travels through in the pilot episode of the animated series Futurama, which was created by The Simpsons creator Matt Groening. Blinky also appears in an episode of Futurama's seventh season titled T.: The Terrestrial; Blinky is seen in a fish bowl on Jrrr's desk. Blue Haired Lawyer. Burns' Lawyer. He first appeared in the second season episode . He is known for his blue hair and nasal New York accent. He also occasionally appears to serve as a prosecutor. Unlike Lionel Hutz or Gil Gunderson, he is competent, although not necessarily ethical. He has served as Mr. Burns' head lawyer, helping him out with threats of the Power Plant closing down and of Burns losing his money. He is a member of the Springfield Republican Party. His clients often tend to be antagonists of the Simpsons. The Blue Haired Lawyer also played a very important role in Bart's emancipation in . Animator Jim Reardon modeled the character's appearance on actor Charles Lane. She is a parody of Cassandra Peterson's character Elvira, Mistress of the Dark. Booberella's television show is a spoof of Elvira's Movie Macabre, a horror filmanthology series. Booberella first appears in the episode . Booberella's name alludes to Vampirella (Forrest James Ackerman's comic book vampire character) and to the 1. Barbarella, which stars Jane Fonda in the title role. Brandine Spuckler. Brandine and Cletus are depicted as stereotypical yokels. Throughout the series, outlandish theories that the two are siblings. She has suffered from rabies. Brandine and Cletus were married by Homer during his brief stint as a minister. Brandine has had several low- level jobs, such as working for Dairy Queen, a strip club, and an infantryman for the U. S Army. She's also been in prison, where she developed a liking for indoor plumbing which the Spuckler homestead lacks. Brunella Pommelhorst. She first appeared in . Pommelhorst. Her name is a play on pommel horse, She has blond hair and usually wears a whistle and takes a tough- as- nails approach to teaching. Pommelhorst. In the episode . He works at the same studio as Kent Brockman. His first appearance was in . Bumblebee Man is rarely seen to take off his costume, even when by himself; the sole exception is the episode . In this short segment, he is portrayed as innately clumsy rather than simply acting as such. In general, Bumblebee Man only speaks in simple, over- enunciated (and inaccurate) Spanish sentences. His catchphrases of choice are typically . Quite commonly, his phrases will be intentionally sloppy Spanish. For example, in the episode . Jamaican recipes, ingredients and drinks from Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee to Jerk Chicken.
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Navy POD1. 93. 4 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt travels to Cartagena, Columbia, by USS Houston (CA 3. His visit was the first by a U. S. On July 1. 2, a salvage party from (VP 4. ZERO which lasts until mid- month. The find is vital as the Allies gain a lot of knowledge how to potentially combat the aircraft in future engagements. In Operation Husky, naval gunfire helps Allied troops land on Sicily, Italy. It is the first extensive use of LST's and smaller landing craft to deliver heavy equipment over the beach. USS Runner (SS 4. Japanese minesweeper (No. Tado Saki, Honshu. USS Ponce (AFSB 1. The final Austin- class amphibious transport dock is named after a city in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. After serving more than 4. Norfolk, Ponce is redesignated in 2. Bahrain. 1. 99. 3 - USS Nebraska (SSBN 7. New London, Conn. The 1. 4th Ohio- class submarine is originally homeported at Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Ga., but is currently homeported at Bangor, Wash. A U. S. Marine Corps V- 2. Osprey lands on the British light aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious (R 0. This landing is the first time the vertical- takeoff- and- landing tilt- rotor had operated from the deck of a foreign warship. What is GM Diet. GM diet is a weight loss management plan developed by the General Motors Corporation to help keep their employees stay in shape.
Diet Health, Healthy Eating, Diets, Exercise, Fitness, Health and Fitness, Nutrition, Nutritional Advice, Wellbeing, Weight Loss, Healthy Living, Lifestyle, News.com.au. Are you allergic or don’t like the taste of certain foods listed in the diet plan? Don’t worry, we have a food substitutes list ready for you. The Inside Story: A Guide to Indoor Air Quality. Information provided in this safety guide is based on current scientific and technical understanding of the issues presented and is reflective of the jurisdictional boundaries established by the statutes governing the co- authoring agencies. Following the advice given will not necessarily provide complete protection in all situations or against all health hazards that may be caused by indoor air pollution. Introduction. Indoor Air Quality Concerns. I started this effort five years ago the EPA mob tried to stop its publication but here it is the best-conducted epidemiologic study on PM2.5, finding no. What Are the Best Sources of Drinking Water? Here’s what to know about good drinking water. California's population grew by nearly 26% between 19, from 23.7 million to 29.8 million, and grew by another 4.1 million persons between 19. Where Does Particle Pollution Come From? Particle pollution is produced through two separate processes—mechanical and chemical. Mechanical processes break down. According to emails obtained by the New York Times, the top scientist on the Environmental Protection Agency’s scientific review board was instructed to downplay. Water conservation is one of the best ways to save money and benefit our environment at the same time. By paying attention to how and when you use water, you can cut. All of us face a variety of risks to our health as we go about our day- to- day lives. Driving in cars, flying in planes, engaging in recreational activities, and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose varying degrees of risk. Some risks are simply unavoidable. Some we choose to accept because to do otherwise would restrict our ability to lead our lives the way we want. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about. In the last several years, a growing body of scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes and other buildings can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the largest and most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 9. Thus, for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors. In addition, people who may be exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include the young, the elderly, and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory or cardiovascular disease. Why a Safety Guide on Indoor Air? While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This safety guide was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take actions that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home. Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating, cooling, and ventilation systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem. A glossary and a list of organizations where you can get additional information are available in this document. Indoor Air Quality in Your Home. What Causes Indoor Air Problems? Indoor pollution sources that release gases or particles into the air are the primary cause of indoor air quality problems in homes. Inadequate ventilation can increase indoor pollutant levels by not bringing in enough outdoor air to dilute emissions from indoor sources and by not carrying indoor air pollutants out of the home. High temperature and humidity levels can also increase concentrations of some pollutants. Pollutant Sources. There are many sources of indoor air pollution in any home. These include combustion sources such as oil, gas, kerosene, coal, wood, and tobacco products; building materials and furnishings as diverse as deteriorated, asbestos- containing insulation, wet or damp carpet, and cabinetry or furniture made of certain pressed wood products; products for household cleaning and maintenance, personal care, or hobbies; central heating and cooling systems and humidification devices; and outdoor sources such as radon, pesticides, and outdoor air pollution. The relative importance of any single source depends on how much of a given pollutant it emits and how hazardous those emissions are. In some cases, factors such as how old the source is and whether it is properly maintained are significant. For example, an improperly adjusted gas stove can emit significantly more carbon monoxide than one that is properly adjusted. Some sources, such as building materials, furnishings, and household products like air fresheners, release pollutants more or less continuously. Other sources, related to activities carried out in the home, release pollutants intermittently. These include smoking, the use of unvented or malfunction- ing stoves, furnaces, or space heaters, the use of solvents in cleaning and hobby activities, the use of paint strippers in redecorating activities, and the use of cleaning products and pesticides in housekeeping. High pollutant concentrations can remain in the air for long periods after some of these activities. Amount of Ventilation. If too little outdoor air enters a home, pollutants can accumulate to levels that can pose health and comfort problems. Unless they are built with special mechanical means of ventilation, homes that are designed and constructed to minimize the amount of outdoor air that can . However, because some weather conditions can drastically reduce the amount of outdoor air that enters a home, pollutants can build up even in homes that are normally considered . In a process known as infiltration, outdoor air flows into the house through openings, joints, and cracks in walls, floors, and ceilings, and around windows and doors. In natural ventilation, air moves through opened windows and doors. Air movement associated with infiltration and natural ventilation is caused by air temperature differences between indoors and outdoors and by wind. Finally, there are a number of mechanical ventilation devices, from outdoor- vented fans that intermittently remove air from a single room, such as bathrooms and kitchen, to air handling systems that use fans and duct work to continuously remove indoor air and distribute filtered and conditioned outdoor air to strategic points throughout the house. The rate at which outdoor air replaces indoor air is described as the air exchange rate. When there is little infiltration, natural ventilation, or mechanical ventilation, the air exchange rate is low and pollutant levels can increase. What If You Live in an Apartment? Apartments can have the same indoor air problems as single- family homes because many of the pollution sources, such as the interior building materials, furnishings, and household products, are similar. Indoor air problems similar to those in offices are caused by such sources as contaminated ventilation systems, improperly placed outdoor air intakes, or maintenance activities. Solutions to air quality problems in apartments, as in homes and offices, involve such actions as: eliminating or controlling the sources of pollution, increasing ventilation, and installing air cleaning devices. Often a resident can take the appropriate action to improve the indoor air quality by removing a source, altering an activity, unblocking an air supply vent, or opening a window to temporarily increase the ventilation; in other cases, however, only the building owner or manager is in a position to remedy the problem. To obtain the looseleaf- fomat version of the Building Air Quality, complete with appendices, an index, and a full set of useful forms, and the newly released, Building Air Quality Action Plan, order GPO Stock # 0. Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office (GPO), P. O. Box 3. 71. 95. Pittsburgh, PA 1. Improving the Air Quality in Your Home. Indoor Air and Your Health. Health effects from indoor air pollutants may be experienced soon after exposure or, possibly, years later. Immediate effects may show up after a single exposure or repeated exposures. These include irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Such immediate effects are usually short- term and treatable. Sometimes the treatment is simply eliminating the person's exposure to the source of the pollution, if it can be identified. Symptoms of some diseases, including asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and humidifier fever, may also show up soon after exposure to some indoor air pollutants. The likelihood of immediate reactions to indoor air pollutants depends on several factors. Age and preexisting medical conditions are two important influences. In other cases, whether a person reacts to a pollutant depends on individual sensitivity, which varies tremendously from person to person. Some people can become sensitized to biological pollutants after repeated exposures, and it appears that some people can become sensitized to chemical pollutants as well. Certain immediate effects are similar to those from colds or other viral diseases, so it is often difficult to determine if the symptoms are a result of exposure to indoor air pollution. For this reason, it is important to pay attention to the time and place the symptoms occur. If the symptoms fade or go away when a person is away from the home and return when the person returns, an effort should be made to identify indoor air sources that may be possible causes. Some effects may be made worse by an inadequate supply of outdoor air or from the heating, cooling, or humidity conditions prevalent in the home. Other health effects may show up either years after exposure has occurred or only after long or repeated periods of exposure. These effects, which include some respiratory diseases, heart disease, and cancer, can be severely debilitating or fatal. It is prudent to try to improve the indoor air quality in your home even if symptoms are not noticeable. More information on potential health effects from particular indoor air pollutants is provided in the section, . People also react very differently to exposure to indoor air pollutants. Calorie Diet Sample Plan. Daily allowance (1. Breakfast (2. 00 cals) Cereal and fruit. Lunch (3. 00 cals) Mozzarella, avocado and tomato salad. Slice 5. 0g/2oz reduced- fat Mozzarella cheese and arrange on a plate. Serve with salad and a 5cm/2in piece of French. Dinner (4. 00 cals) Roast pork dinner. Serve 2 thin slices lean roast pork with 2 medium- sized roast. Snack (1. 00 cals)3tbsp reduced- fat hummus with crudit. We'll calculate how many calories you need to lose weight and give you personalised daily menu plans to follow or you can track your own food with our diary and database tools. See what's inside free for 2. Take our FREE trial ». Calorie Diabetic Diet Plan. The 1. 80. 0 calorie diabetic diet plan is one of several popular diabetes diets. Who is it for? What is a sample example of the menu? Is it for me? Let’s take each question in turn. Initially, please note that before beginning any diet, please check with your doctor and/or dietician. The 1. 80. 0 calorie diet is simply eating no more than 1. To follow the diet, the American Diabetes Association recommends either using the exchange method of eating or carbohydrate counting. Often times this is referred to as an 1. ADA diet. The exchange diet is simply a way of categorizing food into a healthy method of eating. Food that has approximately the same nutritional value (calories, carbohydrates, fats, and protein) is grouped together and can be exchanged for one another. The key to the system is based on specific portion or serving sizes for any given food’s nutritional value. Carbohydrate Counting, on the other hand, is somewhat less restrictive than the exchange diet and focuses primarily on the amount of carbohydrates you eat. 1800 Calorie Diet Plan for 7 Days. Free 1800 Calorie Diet Plan, Sample 1800 Calorie Meal Plan, 1800 Calorie Menu, 1800 Calorie a Day Diet, 1800 Calorie Weight Loss Diet. Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight. In other words, it is conscious control. Includes: suggested foods for 1800 calorie diabetic diet plan, tips for success, sample 1800 calorie menu, make smart food choices, and seek help. Want to lose weight faster w/o exercise? Follow the 1200 calorie Indian diet plan for weight loss in a month Find the 1200 cal menu vegetarian & non- veg. Got some weight to lose? Get a free 1200 calorie diet plan for 1 month and a yummy free 1200 calorie diet menu with meal exchanges.No calorie counting! 28 1800 calorie diet plans you can use to lose weight and/or gain muscle depending on your weight and height. These 1800 calorie diet meal plans work. Carbs tend to raise blood sugar levels more than other foods, thus controlling their intake is important to controlling your blood sugar. Both approaches view one serving of carbohydrates as 1. 1200 Calorie Diet Basics. This diet plan is centered around the concept of calorie control. If dieters are consuming fewer calories than they are expending then this. Sample Diabetes 1800-Calorie Meal Plan One Day of Tasty and Well-Balanced Meals. This 1,600-calorie meal plan is designed by EatingWell's registered dietitians and culinary experts to offer healthy and delicious meals for weight loss. An 1800 calorie diet plan calls for three meals and three snacks each day to provide your body with sustained energy. Let’s take a look at a sample diet plan that. One serving is approximately 6. The 1. 80. 0 calorie diet recommends that 5. More on these approaches are discussed below. WHO IS THE PLAN FORThe National Institute of Health lists the following approximate guidelines for people who may want to follow an 1. Large woman wanting to lose weight. Small man at a healthy weight. Medium sized man, low exercise habits. Medium to large man who wants to lose weight. Again, each person is different, so consult a doctor to make sure it is right for you. A 3. 6 WEEK 1. 80. CALORIE PLANWhile we are happy to provide the example below of a 1. You need something more. If you don’t want to go it alone, check out the 3. Nutri. DIET Pro (Axxya Inc.). This company is an expert in developing meal plans, not only for consumers, but seasoned Registered Dieticians as well. In fact, Nutri. DIET has been helping professional dieticians formulate meal plans for over 2. The Axxya 1. 80. 0 calorie meal plans program has the following advantages. Recognized Nutritional Expertise (they are not a fad diet program)Different Food styles (Asian, Italian, Spanish, Indian)Different Eating Styles (heart healthy, vegetarian, etc.)Recipes are designed to use foods you can easily find in your grocery store. Regardless of the plan, the diet is typically 5. Here is an example of what this would look like if you were following the exchange diet. Breakfast Lunch Dinner Snacks (2) Total Starches. Meats. 12. 30. 6Veggie's. Fruits. 10. 11. 3Milk. Fat. 02. 20. 4Now, the next question is how this would translate into an actual meal plan. Let’s take a look at an actual 1. Breakfast Exchange Lunch Exchange Dinner Exchange 1 Cup Cooked Cereal 2 Starch 1 Cup Romaine Lettuce. Free 3 oz. Baked Haddock (olive oil brush)3 Meat/1 Fat 1 Cup Skim Milk. Milk 1/2 Cup Carrots. Veggie 1 Cup Brown Rice. Starch 1/4 Cup Cottage Cheese. Meat 1/4 Cup tomatoes. Veggie 1 Cup Steamed Broccoli. Veggie 3/4 Cup Blueberries. Fruit 2 Tbs. Pinenuts. Fat 1 1/3 Cup Strawberries. Fruit Coffee or Tea. Free 2 oz. 9. 5% Fat Free lunchmeat. Meat 2 Walnuts. 1 Fat 2 Slices Red. Calorie Bread. 2 Starch 1/2 Cup Frozen Yogurt, nonfat, sugar free. Starch Water. Free Snack 1 Exchange Snack 2 Exchange 1. Grapes 1 Fruit 8 oz. Nonfat Plain Yogurt. Milk 2 Rice Cakes. Starch 3 Gingersnaps. Starch With this meal plan the exchanges are appropriate, but the calories are approximate. IS IT RIGHT FOR YOUIf you seem to fit into one of the categories listed above, then the diet probably is right for you. While restrictive in the calorie sense, you certainly have a lot of choices when it comes to which foods you are going to eat. Also, remember that the diet is not simply a sum of its parts. Meaning, you need to design the meals in such a manner as to spread the various food groups across the day so you do not “spike” your blood sugar. For example, if your diet calls for 1. Your blood sugar would spike too much. The servings need to be spread throughout the day. Hopefully, this article helped you decide if the 1. Quick Weight Loss. Low Glycemic Eating: Backed by science, this easy to follow plan will help control blood sugar resulting in rapid and healthy weightloss without feeling hungry. Custom Nutraceuticals: Exclusive, Doctor Formulated nutraceuticals and homeopathic diet drops to help increase weight loss, rid the body of toxins, and balance the hormones. Tools For Success: Unlimited weight loss support by certified health coaches, hundreds of delicious recipes, and an online community of over 2. The Effects of Starvation on Behavior: Implications for Dieting and Eating Disorders. One of the most important advances in the understanding of eating disorders is the recognition that severe and prolonged dietary restriction can lead to serious physical and psychological complications. Many of the symptoms once thought to be primary features of anorexia nervosa are actually symptoms of starvation. Given what we know about the biology of weight regulation, what is the impact of weight suppression on the individual? This question is particularly relevant for health professionals who treat eating disorders, but is also important in obesity treatment, for dieters, and for others who have lost significant amounts of body weight. Perhaps the most powerful illustration of the effects of restrictive dieting and weight loss on behavior is an experimental study conducted over 5. Ancel Keys and his colleagues at the University of Minnesota. The experiment involved carefully studying 3. More than 1. 00 men volunteered for the study as an alternative to military service; the 3. What makes the “starvation study,” as it is commonly known, so important is that many of the experiences observed in the volunteers are the same as those experienced by patients with eating disorders as well as some people who have undergone weight loss programs. During the first 3 months of the semistarvation experiment, the volunteers ate normally while their behavior, personality, and eating patterns were studied in detail. During the next 6 months, the men were restricted to approximately half of their former food intake and lost, on average, approximately 2. Although this was described as a study of “semistarvation,” it is important to keep in mind that cutting the men’s rations to half of their formerintake (to an average of 1,5. The 6 months of weight loss were followed by 3 months of rehabilitation, during which the men were gradually refed. A subgroup was followed for almost 9 months after the refeeding began. Most of the results were reported for only 3. Although the individual responses to weight loss varied considerably, the men experienced dramatic physical, psychological, and social changes. Nutrition basics for fat loss, muscle gain, and strength broken into steps as the body continues to adapt to changing diet; with sample meal plans.In most cases, these changes persisted during the rehabilitation or renourishment phase. Attitudes and behavior related to food and eating. One of the most striking changes that occurred in the volunteers was a dramatic increase in food preoccupation. The men found concentration on their usual activities increasingly difficult, because they became plagued by incessant thoughts of food and eating. During the semistarvation phase of the experiment, food became a principal topic of conversation, reading, and daydreams. Rating scales revealed that the men experienced increase in thoughts about food, as well as corresponding decreases in interest in sex and activity during semistarvation. The actual words used in the original report are particularly revealing and the following quotations followed by page numbers in parentheses are from Keys et a. They made what under normal conditions would be weird and distasteful concoctions, (p. According to the original report, hoarding even extended to nonfood- related items such as “old books, unnecessary second- hand clothes, knick knacks, and other . Often after making such purchases, which could be afforded only with sacrifice, the men would be puzzled as to why they had bought such more or less useless articles” (p. One man even began rummaging through garbage cans. This general tendency to hoard has been observed in starved anorexic’ patients and even in rats deprived of food. Despite little interest in culinary matters prior to the experiment, almost 4. For some, the fascination was so great that they actually changed occupations after the experiment; three became chefs! The Minnesota subjects often were caught between conflicting desires to gulp their food down ravenously and consume it slowly so that the taste and odor of each morsel would be fully appreciated. They did much planning as to how they would handle their day’s allotment of food (p. The men demanded that their food be served hot, and they made unusual concoctions by mixing foods together, as noted above. There also was a marked increase in the use of salt and spices. The consumption of coffee and tea increased so dramatically that the men had to be limited to nine cups per day; similarly, gum chewing became excessive and had to be limited after it was discovered that one man was chewing as many as 4. During the 1. 2- week refeeding phase of the experiment, most of the abnormal attitudes and behaviors related to food persisted. Binge eating. During the restrictive dieting phase of the experiment, all of the volunteers reported increased hunger. Some appeared able to tolerate the experience fairly well, but for others it created intense concern and led to a complete breakdown in control. Several men were unable to adhere to their diets and reported episodes of binge eating followed by self- reproach. During the eighth week of starvation, one volunteer flagrantly broke the dietary rules, eating several sundaes and malted milks; he even stole some penny candies. He promptly confessed the whole episode, . While working in a grocery store, another man suffered a complete loss of will power and ate several cookies, a sack of popcorn, and two overripe bananas before he could regain control of himself. He immediately suffered a severe emotional upset, with nausea, and upon returning to the laboratory he vomited . One man was released from the experiment at the end of the semistarvation period because of suspicions that he was unable to adhere to the diet. He experienced serious difficulties when confronted with unlimited access to food: “He repeatedly went through the cycle of eating tremendous quantities of food, becoming sick, and then starting all over again” (p. During the refeeding phase of the experiment, many of the men lost control of their appetites and “ate more or less continuously” (p. Even after 1. 2 weeks of refeeding, the men frequently complained of increased hunger immediately following a large meal.“. One man required aspiration and hospitalization for several days, (p. Their daily intake commonly ranged between 8,0. Subject No. 2. 0 stuffs himself until he is bursting at the seams, to the point of being nearly sick and still feels hungry; No. No. 1 ate until he was uncomfortably full; and subject No. After about 5 months of refeeding, the majority of the men reported some normalization of their eating patterns, but for some the extreme overconsumption persisted “No. More than 8 months after renourishment began, most men had returned to normal eating patterns; however, a few were still eating abnormal amounts. Factors distinguishing men who rapidly normalized their eating from those who continued to eat prodigious amounts were not identified. Nevertheless, the main findings here are as follows: Serious binge eating developed in a subgroup of men, and this tendency persisted in some cases for months after free access to food was reintroduced; however, the majority of men reported gradually returning to eating normal amounts of food after about 5 months of refeeding. CBS13/CW31 TelevisionNEWS TIPS: Call 916-374-1301; toll-free: 1-800-374-TV13 (8813) or email [email protected]. CBS13 Quick Links CBS13 News Coverage CBS13 News Social. How Do I Avoid Muscle Loss on a Diet? Muscle loss while dieting to single digit body fat levels has been the bane of natural bodybuilders and athletes. Discover How To Burn Up To 1,000 Calories So You Can Shrink Your Belly Fat and Rev Your Metabolism Without Having to Count Calories or Diet EVER Again! The Effects of Starvation on Behavior: Implications for Dieting and Eating Disorders. One of the most important advances in the understanding of eating disorders is. Thus, the fact thatbinge eating was experimentally produced in some of these normal young men should temper speculations about primary psychological disturbances as the cause of binge eating in patients with eating disorders. These findings are supported by a large body of research indicating that habitual dieters display marked overcompensation in eating behavior that is similar to the binge eating observed in eating disorders. Polivy et al. 9. 15- 9. Although the subjects were psychologically healthy prior to the experiment, most experienced significant emotional deterioration as a result of semistarvation. Most subjects experienced periods during which their emotional distress was quite severe; almost 2. Depression became more severe during the course of the experiment. Mood swings were extreme for some of the volunteers. Irritability and frequent outbursts of anger were common, although the men had fairly tolerant dispositions prior to starvation. For most subjects, anxiety became more evident. As the experiment progressed, many of the formerly even- tempered men began biting their nails or smoking because they felt nervous. Apathy also became common, and some men who had been moderately fastidious neglected various aspects of personal hygiene. During semistarvation, two subjects developed disturbances of psychotic proportions. During the refeeding period, emotional disturbance did not vanish immediately but persisted for several weeks, with some men actually becoming more depressed, irritable, argumentative, and negativistic than they had been during semi starvation. After 2 weeks of refeeding, one man reported his extreme reaction in his diary: I have been more depressed than ever in my life . Ten days ago, I jacked up my car and let the car fall on these fingers . Several days later, this man actually did chop off three fingers of one hand in response to the stress. Standardized personality testing with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) revealed that semistarvation resulted in significant increases on the Depression, Hysteria, and Hypochondriasis scales. The MMPI profiles for a small minority of subjects confirmed the clinical impression of incredible deterioration as a result of semistarvation. One man scored well within normal limits at initial testing, but after 1. MMPI. Social and sexual changes. The extraordinary impact of semistarvation was reflected in the social changes experienced by most of the volunteers. Although originally quite gregarious, the men became progressively more withdrawn and isolated. Humor and the sense of comradeship diminished amidst growing feelings of social inadequacy. The volunteers’ social contacts with women also declined sharply during semistarvation. The No- Frills Way to Watermark Memos and Track Leaks. Let’s say you need to send a private message to a group of people, but you’re afraid one of them will leak the message elsewhere, and you won’t know who. Fast Forward Labs has a rough- and- ready solution that will expose anyone who publicly copies and pastes your message, without letting them know they’ve been caught. Identify elements of your memo that can change without anyone noticing: Whether you use double or single quotation marks; whether you write out numbers like three or use numerals like 3; whether you use semicolons or commas in a list. The subtler the difference, the better. If you want to get a little sneakier, you can replace certain letters with similar- looking Unicode characters, but as FF Labs points out, these special characters might be exposed if the message is converted into plain text. Now, instead of BCCing everyone on one email, send each recipient their own BCC. As long as your recipients are used to receiving group messages via BCC, they won’t know the difference. On each BCC, make a different subtle change. FF Labs suggests combining different changes to increase your possible unique messages: One recipient gets “three”; one gets “3”; one gets . Now if anyone reveals your message to the public, you can check it against your outgoing emails and identify the leaker. If your changes are subtle enough, they might never know how you caught them. Let's End the GIF/JIF Pronunciation Debate Right Now. Once a week, for the past eight- odd years, I overhear it: “It’s GIF, not JIF.” “Actually, it’s officially JIF.” If the arguers are educated in the subject, they’ll rattle through their supporting arguments: It’s JIF because its inventor says so and it’s like “giraffe; ” it’s GIF because it stands for “graphics” and it’s like “gift.”Obviously everyone’s having a bit of fun, and arguing over how to pronounce an acronym is just a cute way to pass the time. Only it’s not so cute any more. The debate has thoroughly been had, and there’s nothing to add. There’s a seven- point defense of GIF on howtoreallypronouncegif. JIF (and a regularly updated blog) on The GIF Pronunciation Page. There’s even a weird Great Compromise proposal by coder- blogger Andy Baio. The GIF is 3. 0 years old. Debating its pronunciation is as fresh as a “hang in there” kitten poster. Like the Oxford comma debate, the tabs/spaces debate, and the spaces after a period debate, GIF/JIF pronunciation is best treated as a matter of style. Just pick one, be consistent, and deal with the consequences of your choice. As linguist Steven Pinker told The Atlantic: It’s not that good writers have chosen to flout a rule; it’s that the rule is not a rule in the first place.. What makes a rule a rule? Who decides? Where does it come from? They write as if there’s some tribunal or rules committee who makes the rules of English, which there isn’t, or that it’s a matter of logic or objective reality, which it isn’t. Starvation probably doesn’t sound like a key to living well into old age. But as strange as it seems, calorie restriction, done intermittently, appears to be one of. There are a lot of so called exercises to lose love handles out there but the majority of them are hogwash. In this article I’ll break down for you what really. An Oxford comma can prevent misunderstandings, which is why it’s crucial in legal matters; a missing comma cost one dairy company $1. But the comma is not a one- stroke solution to all phrase ambiguity. As Pinker points out, language is too ambiguous: You can rearrange “a panel on sex with four professors” to the less salacious “panel of four professors on sex,” but you’re back in trouble if the panel is “on drugs.” That’s why the AP Stylebook (anti- comma) and the Chicago Manual of Style (pro- comma) both note possible exceptions. As the Chicago Manual puts it, “it’s best to stay flexible.”Similarly, the tabs/spaces debate has real consequences—tabs decrease file size; spaces are more precise. Each of these, in certain situations, matters! Just not enough to obliterate the other option. The most important thing, says coder and Stack Exchange founder Jeff Atwood, is team consistency: Choose tabs, choose spaces, choose whatever layout conventions make sense to you and your team. It doesn’t actually matter which coding styles you pick. What does matter is that you, and everyone else on your team, sticks with those conventions and uses them consistently. When you fight for the Oxford comma, you’re really fighting for precision of meaning; when you call it JIF, you’re protecting the moral rights of the inventor; when you correct the record on double- spacing after sentences, you’re championing historical revisionism. That’s why these petty arguments get so heated, and also why it’s important to maintain some perspective. Every meaningful team has some disagreements about form and style, but every effective team works through them. I’ve written happily for pro- and anti- comma editors; I live in an interfaith GIF/JIF household. My Week On The Cinch Fast Forward Menu Plan. Day One Report. 7:00 am Scrambled egg with spinach is very good and filling.I’m tempted to add garlic but I don’t. Let’s say you need to send a private message to a group of people, but you’re afraid one of them will leak the message elsewhere, and you won’t know who. There’s a seven-point defense of GIF on howtoreallypronouncegif.com and a five-point defense of JIF (and a regularly updated blog) on The GIF Pronunciation Page. While you may not have been blessed with a naturally voluptuous backside, there are things you can do to effectively. We put aside our differences so we can fight the real enemy: People who give no fucks. It’s the first day of my six-day fast at TrueNorth, an anonymous-looking cluster of buildings on a quiet street in Santa Rosa, California. A water fast is not a. Weight Loss Fact or Fiction? Supplements and energy drinks that contain L- carnitine claim to be metabolism boosters that can help you shed weight and increase your athletic performance. However, there may not be enough scientific data to back up these claims. Read on to find out why. A meaty subject. The word “carnitine” comes from the Latin word for flesh: “carnis,” which is also the root of the word “carnivore.”Your liver and kidneys make L- carnitine from two amino acids, lysine and methionine, so it isn’t required in your diet. L- carnitine is stored in your skeletal muscles, brain, and heart. In men, L- carnitine is also stored in sperm. This compound plays an important role in your body, escorting long- chain fatty acids to your cells’ mitochondria, where they produce energy. L- carnitine also ushers toxic byproducts of energy production out of your cells, so they don’t build up. The Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health states that healthy adults and children don’t need to take L- carnitine supplements except for specific medical or genetic conditions. What the research says. According to the Office of Dietary Supplements, studies confirm that cancer patients who took between 2. L- carnitine per day experienced less fatigue. Research also shows that L- carnitine may: improve insulin sensitivity and nerve pain in people with type 2 diabetesincrease fertility in menlower mortality risk in those with ischemic myocardial infarction, or heart attackresult in mild cognitive improvements in older people. Twenty years of research can’t consistently support the claims about L- carnitine’s fat- burning capacity or its marketed ability to spur peak athletic performance. Food sources. L- carnitine is also found in food, mostly in red meat. A 4- ounce steak contains between 5. A 4- ounce hamburger delivers between 8. L- carnitine. The redder the meat, the higher its L- carnitine concentration. Smaller amounts of L- carnitine are also present in fish, poultry, and dairy products. Something’s fishy. L- carnitine supplements at 3 g a day have potential side effects such as nausea and vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea. L- carnitine supplements can even wreck your social life, because taking 3 g a day can produce a fishy body odor. People with kidney disease or seizure disorders should exercise particular caution with L- carnitine supplements or energy drinks that contain it, like Monster Energy. That’s because L- carnitine can cause muscle weakness in people with kidney disease, and seizures in people who have a seizure disorder. However, some studies show that L- carnitine may be beneficial for those on a specific type of dialysis. The L- carnitine clog. The most serious complication associated with L- carnitine is its link to an elevated risk of heart disease. Cleveland Clinic researchers found that a metabolite of L- carnitine drives up your chances of developing atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries. L- carnitine itself isn’t the problem. It’s what happens when it meets the bacteria in your intestines. Glutamine is an amino acid (a building block for proteins), found naturally in the body. Glutamine is used to counter some of the side effects of medical treatments. When you tuck into a steak or swallow an L- carnitine capsule, the bacteria in your gut produce a chemical called trimethylamine. Then your liver converts trimethylamine into trimethylamine N- oxide, or TMAO. This byproduct gums up your arteries. Possible reasons to go meatless. Non- meat- eaters appear to have different gut bacteria and don’t experience the same TMAO spike if they do eat meat or take an L- carnitine pill. Researchers still don’t know which gut bacteria trigger TMAO production after eating meat or taking L- carnitine. Further studies to identify these bacteria will reveal more about the interchange between what we eat, our intestinal flora, and the potential to develop cardiovascular disease. Dr. Oz says “Oops”The evidence about L- carnitine, TMAO, and heart disease prompted Mehmet Oz, MD, to backtrack on his prior support for L- carnitine supplements. Once a proponent, Oz rescinded his claim that L- carnitine could help you lose fat. He issued a warning not to take L- carnitine. Rarely needed. Who might need L- carnitine supplements? A preterm infant who can’t make enough L- carnitine may need them. A rare genetic defect called primary carnitine deficiency may also require taking these supplements. Those who experience nerve pain due to neuropathy or diabetes, have cognitive decline, are going through cancer treatment, or become deficient in L- carnitine for specific medical reasons may benefit from supplementation, though they should only do so under a doctor’s care. For everyone else, it’s best to give L- carnitine a wide berth. If you’re a fan of energy drinks that contain L- carnitine, know that you’re unlikely to get a metabolic advantage. The occasional steak won’t do you in, but you’re best off limiting your consumption of red meat to the occasional few bites. Fitness Edge - Cutting Edge Health and Fitness Information. L-glutamine is an amino acid found in the body, primarily in skeletal muscle. It is also available in a number of common foods and in dietary supplement form. Heal your gut with the amino acid l-glutamine. Friday, September 09, 2011 by: Elizabeth Walling Tags: l-glutamine, gut health, health news. 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G'S WEIGHTLOSS & WELLNESS covers MEDICAL CLINICS FEATURING WEIGHT LOSS. Libro - Wikipedia. Un libro . I libri sono pertanto opere letterarie e talvolta una stessa opera . Nella biblioteconomia e scienza dell'informazione un libro . La biblioteca . Google ha stimato che al 2. Il vocabolo originariamente significava anche . Un'evoluzione identica ha sub. In russo ed in serbo, altra lingua slava, le parole . Se ne deduce che le prime scritture delle lingue indoeuropee possano esser state intagliate su legno di faggio. La scrittura, un sistema di segni durevoli che permette di trasmettere e conservare le informazioni, ha cominciato a svilupparsi tra il VII e il IV millennio a. C. In seguito . Lo studio di queste iscrizioni . Questions and Answers from the Community. There are three rock shops in NYC, and the best will depend on what you are looking for and your. In most cases of esophageal cancer, the long-term survival rate remains below 30%. Read more about prognosis, symptoms, treatment, and staging of cancer of the esophagus. Etimologia del termine. La parola italiana libro deriva dal latino liber. Il vocabolo originariamente significava anche "corteccia", ma visto che era un materiale. Contact us; Jobs; Terms and conditions; Privacy; Modern Slavery Statement; Cookies; Accessibility; Sitemap; Cancer Research UK is a registered charity in England and. I be pleased it Proudly Serving My Corporate Masters: The 1989 All Japan Ninja Championships at this moment im your rss reader. La scrittura alfabetica emerse in Egitto circa 5. Gli antichi Egizi erano soliti scrivere scrivere sul papiro, una pianta coltivata lungo il fiume Nilo. Inizialmente i termini non erano separati l'uno dall'altro (scriptura continua) e non c'era punteggiatura. I testi venivano scritti da destra a sinistra, da sinistra a destra, e anche in modo che le linee alternate si leggessero in direzioni opposte. Il termine tecnico per questo tipo di scrittura, con un andamento che ricorda quello de solchi tracciati dall'aratro in un campo, . Furono infatti usate come mezzo di scrittura, specialmente per il cuneiforme, durante tutta l'Et. Servivano da materiale normale di scrittura nelle scuole, in contabilit. Avevano il vantaggio di essere riutilizzabili: la cera poteva essere fusa e riformare una . L'usanza di legare insieme diverse tavolette di cera (romano pugillares) . Minnesota Mom of Two Diagnosed with Cancer Hours After Husband Dies From ALS: 'I'm Not Ready to Give Into It'. Information about non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH, NAFLD) caused by obesity and diabetes. Other contributing factors are poor diet, diseases, medications, and. Erano utilizzate anche le cortecce di albero, come per esempio quelle della Tilia, e altri materiali consimili. La parola greca per papiro come materiale di scrittura (biblion) e libro (biblos) proviene dal porto fenicio di Biblo, da dove si esportava il papiro verso la Grecia. Tomus fu usato dai latini con lo stesso significato di volumen (vedi sotto anche la spiegazione di Isidoro di Siviglia). Che fossero fatti di papiro, pergamena o carta, i rotoli furono la forma libraria dominante della cultura ellenistica, romana, cinese ed ebraica. Il formato di codex si stabil. Viene chiamato codex per metafora di un tronco (codex) d'albero o di vite, come se fosse un ceppo di legno, poich. La prima menzione scritta del codice come forma di libro . Tuttavia, il codice non si guadagn. Gli autori cristiani potrebbero anche aver voluto distinguere i loro scritti dai testi pagani scritti su rotoli. La storia del libro continua a svilupparsi con la graduale transizione dal rotolo al codex, spostandosi dal Vicino Oriente del II- II millennio a. C. All'arrivo del Medioevo, circa mezzo millennio dopo, i codici - di foggia e costruzione in tutto simili al libro moderno - rimpiazzarono il rotolo e furono composti principalmente di pergamena. Il rotolo continu. Fu un cambiamento che influ. Quattro son troppi? Potrai pagarli due, e Trifone il libraio ci far. Haec tibi, multiplici quae structa est massa tabella, / Carmina Nasonis quinque decemque gerit. Questa mole composta da numerosi fogli contiene quindici libri poetici del Nasone »(Marziale XIV. Il libro antico. L'oggetto libro sub. Dal II secolo a. C. Nel mondo antico non godette di molta fortuna a causa del prezzo elevato rispetto a quello del papiro. Tuttavia aveva il vantaggio di una maggiore resistenza e la possibilit. Il libro in forma di rotolo consisteva in fogli preparati da fibre di papiro (phylire) disposte in uno strato orizzontale (lo strato che poi riceveva la scrittura) sovrapposto ad uno strato verticale (la faccia opposta). I fogli cos. La scrittura era effettuata su colonne, generalmente sul lato del papiro che presentava le fibre orizzontali. Non si hanno molte testimonianze sui rotoli di pergamena tuttavia la loro forma era simile a quella dei libri in papiro. Gli inchiostri neri utilizzati erano a base di nerofumo e gomma arabica. Dal II secolo d. C. La vecchia forma libraria a rotolo scompare in ambito librario. In forma notevolmente differente permane invece in ambito archivistico. Nel Medio Evo si fanno strada alcune innovazioni: nuovi inchiostri ferro gallici e, a partire dalla met. Il prezzo molto basso di questo materiale, ricavato da stracci e quindi pi. Ma bisogna aspettare la seconda met. Questo mezzo, permettendo l'accelerazione della produzione delle copie di testi contribuisce alla diffusione del libro e della cultura. La parola membranae, letteralmente . Altri suoi distici rivelano che tra i regali fatti da Marziale c'erano copie di Virgilio, di Cicerone e Livio. Le parole di Marziale danno la distinta impressione che tali edizioni fossero qualcosa di recentemente introdotto. Il codice si origin. Quando c'era bisogno di pi. Sono stati rinvenuti . Nel tempo, furono anche disponibili modelli di lusso fatti con tavolette di avorio invece che di legno. I romani chiamarono tali tavolette col nome di codex e solo molto pi. Ad un certo punto i romani inventarono un taccuino pi. Il passo fu breve dall'usare due o tre fogli come taccuino al legarne insieme una certa quantit. Il grande vantaggio che offrivano rispetto ai rolli era la capienza, vantaggio che sorgeva dal fatto che la facciata esterna del rotolo era lasciata in bianco, vuota. Il codice invece aveva scritte entrambe le facciate di ogni pagina, come in un libro moderno.(LA). Quam brevis inmensum cepit membrana Maronem! Ipsius vultus prima tabella gerit. La prima pagina porta il volto del poeta. Ma copie erano anche fatte di fogli di papiro. In Egitto, dove cresceva la pianta del papiro ed era centro della sua manifattura per materiale scrittorio, il codex di tale materiale era naturalmente pi. Quando i greci ed i romani disponevano solo del rotolo per scrivere libri, si preferiva usare il papiro piuttosto che la pergamena. Fece la sua comparsa in Egitto non molto dopo il tempo di Marziale, nel II secolo d. C., o forse anche prima, alla fine del I secolo. Il suo debutto fu modesto. A tutt'oggi sono stati rinvenuti 1. Nel terzo secolo la percentuale aumenta dall'1,5% a circa il 1. Verso il 3. 00 d. C. Il rotolo comunque aveva ancora parecchi secoli davanti a s. In teoria, in Egitto, terra ricca di pianta di papiro, il codice papiraceo avrebbe dovuto regnar supremo, ma non fu cos. Sebbene gli undici codici della Bibbia datati in quel secolo fossero papiracei, esistono circa 1. Non ne scegliemmo alcuno, ma ne raccogliemmo altri otto per i quali gli diedi 1. Il codex tanto apprezzato da Marziale aveva quindi fatto molta strada da Roma. Nel terzo secolo, quando tali codici divennero alquanto diffusi, quelli di pergamena iniziarono ad essere popolari. Il numero totale di codici sopravvissuti correntemente ammontano a pi. Nel quarto secolo la percentuale si alza al 3. V secolo. In breve, anche in Egitto, la fonte mondiale del papiro, il codice di pergamena occupava una notevole quota di mercato. Sono tutti di pergamena, edizioni eleganti, scritti in elaborata calligrafia su sottili fogli di pergamena. Per tali edizioni di lusso il papiro era certamente inadatto. Titoli di compilazioni celebri, il Codice teodosiano promulgato nel 4. Codice giustinianeo promulgato nel 5. Dall'altro lato, basandoci sulle annotazioni di Libanio, intellettuale del IV secolo che nelle sue molteplici attivit. Le ragioni erano buone: la pergamena poteva resistere a maltrattamenti vari, il codice poteva venir consultato velocemente per riferimenti giuridici, sentenze e giudizi, e cos. La pergamena usata doveva certo essere di bassa qualit. Il peso era per. Il papiro divenne difficile da reperire a causa della mancanza di contatti con l'Antico Egitto e la pergamena, che era stata usata da secoli, divenne il materiale di scrittura principale. I monasteri continuarono la tradizione scritturale latina dell'Impero romano d'Occidente. Cassiodoro, nel Monastero di Vivario (fondato verso il 5. XLVIII), che riserva certi momenti alla lettura, influenz. La tradizione e lo stile dell'Impero romano predominava ancora, ma gradualmente emerse la cultura peculiare libro medievale. Prima dell'invenzione e adozione del torchio calcografico, quasi tutti i libri venivano copiati a mano, il che rendeva i libri costosi e relativamente rari. I piccoli monasteri di solito possedevano poche dozzine di libri, forse qualche centinaio quelli di medie dimensioni. Con il IX secolo, le pi! Alcuni di questi esemplari sono esposti nei musei. La luce artificiale era proibita per paura che potesse danneggiare i manoscritti. Esistevano cinque tipi di scribi. La pergamena doveva essere preparata, poi le pagine libere venivano pianificate e rigate con uno strumento appuntito o un piombo, dopo di che il testo era scritto dallo scriba, che di solito lasciava aree vuote a scopo illustrativo e rubricativo. Infine, il libro veniva rilegato dal rilegatore. Esistono testi scritti in rosso o addirittura in oro, e diversi colori venivano utilizzati per le miniature. A volte la pergamena era tutta di colore viola e il testo vi era scritto in oro o argento (per esempio, il Codex Argenteus). Tuttavia, l'uso di spazi tra le parole non divenne comune prima del XII secolo. Si sostiene che l'uso di spaziatura tra parole dimostra il passaggio dalla lettura semi- vocalizzata a quella silenziosa. Le copertine erano fatte di legno e ricoperte di cuoio. Durante il Tardo Medioevo, quando cominciarono a sorgere le biblioteche pubbliche, e fino al XVIII secolo, i libri venivano spesso incatenati ad una libreria o scrivania per impedirne il furto. Questi libri attaccati a catena sono chiamati libri catenati. Vedi illustrazione a margine. Dapprima, i libri erano copiati prevalentemente nei monasteri, uno alla volta. Con l'apparire delle universit. I libri furono divisi in fogli non legati (pecia), che furono distribuiti a differenti copisti e di conseguenza la velocit. Il sistema venne gestito da corporazioni secolari di cartolai, che produssero sia materiale religioso che laico. Secondo la tradizione ebraica, il rotolo della Torah posto nella sinagoga deve esser scritto a mano su pergamena e quindi un libro stampato non . Lo scriba ebraico (sofer) . Un certo numero di citt. Free Shipping on orders over $35. Buy Tuff Stuff Cleaner, 22 oz at Walmart.com. I have been taking Plavix for 2 years after MI back in 2009/100% oclusion of the left ventrical artery/. The cardiologist thinks it is safe to stop it now. Heat load calculation is an important part of sizing and designing a radiant heating system. There are two types of heat loss to consider: surface heat loss and heat. By Debra Fiakas CFA It is the season of lights. Lights for Hanukkah. Lights for Christmas. Energy Focus (EFOI: Nasdaq) has been having a season of lights all year. Balloon Lift. Balloon. Lift with Lighter than Air Gases. It has long been known that if immersed in a gas or liquid, an. By comparing the weight of the object vs the. When a balloon is filled with something other than air and. If the weight of the volume of air displaced by the. If the weight of the air displaced by the balloon is greater. This force, or buoyancy, either positive or. As volumes get large on any balloon, the problem of. Large plastic lifting. Designs from the 1. One of the most famous of the Civil War balloons. Confederacy of donated undergarments of the. South, all silk and the only source of silk the. South had at the time. It was hoped that it would counter the. Union balloons which were providing airborne. The southern patchwork balloon only flew once before. Union, a disappointment and an afront for. Welcome Guest, Join Free / Sign In. Home Categories Countries My Companiess Add My Company Free Share: Global Companies Free Shipping. Buy Multi Purpose Aluminum Ladder Folding Step Ladder Extendable Heavy Duty at Walmart.com. PRESCRIPTION ESTROGEN PRODUCTS* for VAGINAL DRYNESS: Estriol vaginal cream Contents: Women to Women health care clinic patients are prescribed estriol vaginal cream. General Longstreet claimed he never found it in his heart. Union. The. Lighter Than Air Gases. Hydrogen . While atomic. Since. hydrogen is explosive in mixtures with air of more than 4. Helium being an inert gas does not form a. Thus hydrogen is only half the weight. H2 = 2 * Atomic Weight 1; vs He = 1 * Atomic. Free ebook: Machiavelli's Laboratory "Ethics taught by an unethical scientist" 12,000 BIOMEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS This page is provided "as is", without warranty of any.Weight 4. Hydrogen is easily manufactured by several chemical reactions. This ability to make the gas on the spot has always. During the civil war special wagons with large. In the. Oklahoma and Texas panhandles are natural gas wells that contain. Helium. This natural resource is very rare. The. gas field must be encased in radioactive rock or no helium is. The alpha particle decay in the surrounding radioactive. An. alpha particle is just a helium nucleus. When it slows down and. Thus the. radioactive rock makes helium, one molecule at a time, to. In the 1. 93. 0's Germany asked the USA many times for helium for. Zepplins. The US was concerned that helium had other military. For this reason, the. Hindenburg was still lofted with hydrogen on its last disastrous. Germany had been. Helium is a natural byproduct of the liquefaction of the. The volume left over. US Government Bureau of Mines. Few people seem. concerned that this is a non- renewable and expendable natural. It can be used to fill balloons, but it. Methane gas is roughly half the weight of air and. Propane and Butane are too. Artificial gas as is used in many city gas mains will not. It is loaded with Ethane and other gases in addition to. Only natural methane gas will work effectively. Some. artificial gas supplies may be supplemented with hydrogen, so the. Hot Air. One should also mention hot air. The density of air goes down. Thus hot air surrounded by cold. It simply displaces a volume of colder air that is. If hot air is trapped in. It is possible to imagine. But I. have not heard of anyone trying this. Notes on. Computing Lift. Here are some simple computations of lift of balloons. To get. the real value, you would have to first weigh the uninflated. Also a latex balloon generates some backpressure which. You should also take off about half a percent, to one. This. backpressure is low, maybe on the order of 5 mm of mercury, but. Really large lifting balloons are designed of plastic sheet. Some are designed to have a specific backpressure. These superpressure balloons, as. During World War II, the Japanese bombed the US Mainland with. Pacific in only a few days. They had a. simple but effective control based on sandbag releases and gas. It is nearly unbelievable that. Latex balloons are available from distributors. Qualatex. They commonly have latex balloons. These are not weather. Tuf. Tex also makes. Which color would be best? They are fluted balloons and a tiny bit boxy, but generally quite round. Weather balloons are a very special and fragile item, but places. Edmund Scientific can sell them in small quantities. They can. be quite large, on the order of 1. Chloroprene is. a type of dipped latex product that is treated with a substance. In between the heavy gauge display balloons like the Tilco. Qualatex and Tuf. Tex types, and the super thin weather balloons, are Pilot. Balloons, about one meter balloons designed to be released and. They are more. rugged than weather balloons, can inflate to quit a bit more than. They are. excellent candidates for antenna lifting. Certain weather. instrument supply companies sell them. They are often available. Helium Gas in Cylinders. However, keep in mind that you need to fill these balloons. The large commercial high pressure helium cylinders. The actual amount depends on pressure and can range from. Such cylinders are about nine inches around and 5. One cubic foot of gas is about 2. Such a cylinder should inflate a balloon about 7. There is also a 9. It. is higher pressure and quite heavy. Handling such cylinders. They can be quite dangerous and tricky to. Once a cylinder has. A number of smaller cylinders are available, including light. These. are much safer to transport and use, but hold much less helium. There is a great, new cylinder, also aluminum that holds about 1. It only weighs about 5. Helium in such a tank costs about 3. For the seriously deranged, there are even 1. This is enough to inflate a 1. Enough to lift a person, but you really do not. Real nut. cases can even check out 2. BIG. accounts. After the gas is decided, it is still not easy to discover the. Density of air vs altitude is very tricky! There is a thing called the. The balloon will respond to lowered pressure by expanding as. There are a lot of variables to consider. Burst. altitude is very tricky to estimate as a result. Balloon pressure vs inflation in a latex balloon first. Larger balloons will have a lower. This has to do with the surface area. In spite of all of the above, the following tables serve as a. Some. Handy Gas Constants. Standard Temperature and Pressure = 2. C and 7. 60 mm Mercury. STP = 7. 60 mm pressure and 2. C. Weight of air per liter at STP = 1. Weight of helium per liter at STP = 0. Net lift per liter of helium at STP = 1. A typical balloon should provide from 4 to 5 mm of overpressure and. Liters Lift/gr Lift/lbs. Dia. Liters Lift/gr Lift/lbs. Other Candidate Gases. Any gas with a molecular weight less than air will generate. If you remember your high school chemistry you can easily. For instance, it is easy to make acetylene gas by the. Calcium Carbide. It is C2. H2 as a formula. It. True that is a bit lighter than. Propane is C3. H8, (3*1. CO2, and a balloon filled with either would drop like a. Butane is even worse C4. H1. 0 or 5. 8 grams, more. Ethane is C2. H6 or 3. Oxygen is 3. 2 grams and four grams. Nitrogen is 2. 8 grams, not surprising. A balloon. filled with Neon would float, if you could afford the high. As mentioned. before Carbon Dioxide is 4. The practical possibilities rapidly narrow down gas selection to. Helium and . Plus, of course, Hot Air. I can. determine, but practical in theory. Helium would the the number one. Here are a few typical wire facts to give some idea of the. Double film insulated magnet wire. Single film insulated magnet wire. Lift Tables. Approximate lift of spherical volumes in liters of Helium. Hydrogen and Methane (Natural Gas) in diameters of feet and lift. Assuming standard temperatures and pressures and no. Remember that hydrogen and methane are. Lift of Helium. others it contains significant amounts of hydrogen or heavier. CO2 and water vapor. Also this chart does. |
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